| Abstract |
A total of 101 veriŽ ed species and eight ordinal taxa represent the non-marine
Crustacea on Antarctica and the islands of the Southern Ocean. The largely
terrestrial Isopoda and Amphipoda are conŽ ned to some sub-Antarctic and
cool temperate islands while the predominantly freshwater Anostraca, Anomopoda,
Copepoda (5 Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida) and Ostracoda
(Podocopida) occur throughout the region. Holocene sea-level rises fragmented
freshwater and terrestrial species ranges on New Zealand, Auckland, Campbell,
and possibly other South PaciŽ c islands, leaving a legacy of vicariant taxa.
Tertiary species probably survived Pleistocene glaciation in aquatic refugia on
the New Zealand/South PaciŽ c, Falkland, Crozet and Kerguelen archipelagoes,
but there are no valid records of Tertiary Antarctic Crustacea. All 40 Continental
and Maritime Antarctic freshwater records can be ascribed to the historic introduction
of anthropogenic aliens, Holocene immigration of colonists, returning
re-colonists and marine species ‘marooned’ in epishelf and other coastal lakes.
Keywords: Amphipoda, Anomopoda, Antarctica, biogeography, Cladocera,
Copepoda, Crustacea, diversity, island, Isopoda, Ostracoda, Southern Ocean. |
Pugh, P.J.A., H.J.G. Dartnall, and S.J. McInnes (2002) The non-marine Crustacea of Antarctica and the islands of the Southern Ocean: biodiversity and biogeography:. Journal of Natural History 36: 1047–1103.